The Battle of Valley Forge

The American Revolution era was one of the most significant time periods in the history of America. As America became more popular and gained more states they had to somehow break free from British rule. The thirteen colonies joined together to slowly gain freedom from Britain and become it’s own independent country. They began to decline British rule and eventually lead to war, to what is now known as the American Revolutionary War. The British sent invasion forces into New England in order to try and regain its power over the states, but they failed and were driven out by Washington and his army.After, George Washington, the general of the troops at the time, moved his troops to a more secure location for the soon coming winter. This location was known as Valley Forge. The times in Valley Forge were known to be very difficult for the soldiers fighting. According to more traditional sources, the soldiers lacked food, shelter and warmth and were also in need of more men. Accor ding to Robert Middlekauff’s text from â€Å"The Glorious Cause†, the times at Valley Forge were indeed miserable and the troops suffered greatly.Jack Rakove’s text from â€Å"Revolutionaries† agrees with Middlekauff’s view, and adds that over two thousand soldiers died that winter. However, Ray Raphael takes on the less traditional view and states that the soldiers did not in fact have such great difficulty. When you compare and contrast the other sources, Ray Raphael has a more persuasive document, as opposed to the more traditional accounts. Robert Middlekauff’s â€Å"The Glorious Cause† takes on the traditional story of Valley Forge, one that it was of extreme suffering and conditional, careless decisions, yet one of bravery and hope.Valley Forge was a difficult time for the soldiers fighting for their country. The conditions were severe and there were no buildings, as the troops had to put up their own. The troops lacked shoes, c lothing and soap and frequently had nothing to eat. The soldiers were starving and many were cold and sick. The water for all uses had to be carried for considerable distances. These are only few of the problems the soldiers faced day by day. George Washington, the leader of the troops, did his best to find food and get it to Valley Forge.Although Congress encouraged Washington to seize food that troops needed, Washington resisted suggestions. He recognized that relief of his troops hunger would undercut principles of revolution, and political support of people. Instead, he sent commissary in search of provisions, seized supplies, and attempted to protect seller's interest as much as possible. Washington’s orders suggest that he did not overlook many ways of maintaining discipline. The soldiers were absolutely miserable. They lacked everything an army needs for survival, from clothing to food to shelter.They had been hungry for weeks and suffering for months. After all of ago ny and distress, the soldiers pulled through with hope, and continued to fight. â€Å"Revolutionaries†, by Jack Rakove, as well, speaks about the great hardships and suffering that the soldiers went through at Valley Forge. George Washington was somewhat of a tough leader who knew his priorities. â€Å"We have not more than three months to prepare a great deal of business in, and if we let these slip or waste, we shall be labouring under the same difficulties all next campaign as we have done this.He explains that although George Washington understood the difficult circumstances that the men were going through, they had to continue in order to prevent from a cycle of the same things happening again. According to Rakove, when the winter at Valley Forge began, the soldiers were â€Å"barefoot, huddled in the snow around flickering fires†, while the enemy was sleeping warm, well fed, in nearby Philadelphia. In mid February, the men were lacking meat, and drenching rains washed out roads, swelled rivers, and badly disrupted the flow of supplies to camp.Over two thousand soldiers died that winter. Although they were starving, lack of food was not the main reason for the soldier’s deaths, but rather the lowered resistance to disease, food shortages, and inadequate clothing while the men were overcrowded on the huts. What caused all of this was mostly the strategic and political considerations. Congress imposed well meant but misguided reforms, which strained to the breaking point of the supply system.Although congress meant well, they’re plans were in fact failures and led to the critically harsh times of the soldiers. Many mistakes made by the congress lead to not only political problems, but also problems within the soldier’s lives during the harsh winter. Although Jack Rakove and Robert Middlekauff take on the more traditional story of the experience in Valley Forge, Ray Raphael takes on a different approach. In Ray Raphaelâ₠¬â„¢s â€Å"The Winter At Valley Forge†, he explains that many people believe in the traditional telling of the experiences in Valley Forge.Many people believe that the winter was one of the cruelest winters in the countries history and that the soldiers suffered greatly, but were able to withstand the wrath of British. Raphael exclaims that the traditional Valley Forge story is â€Å"disrespectful to the soldiers who endured years of hardships, endangered their lives, and in many cases died so that the United States could gain and retain its independence. To give these patriots the respect that is their due, we have to cease creating idealized fantasies about how well they behaved themselves.Raphael is greatly disappointed with the treatment and lack and respect towards the soldiers and story of Valley Forge and explains that the soldiers demanded food, clothing, and money, which had been promised to them and which was necessary for them in order to stay in the field and fa ce the enemy. â€Å"The few who act upon Principles of disinterestedness are, comparatively speaking, no more than a drop in the Ocean. † This is a quote by George Washington, commenting on the lack of people joining the army and helping the country fight for it’s independence.Reluctantly, the Congress offered bounties to those who agreed to join the army. This is why the men demanded the food, clothing and pay. Congress allowed the Commissary Department to fall into shambles, as the much needed food and clothing never arrived. Congress was accountable for the lack of provisions that caused the soldiers great suffering and grief. Forced to move on, the troops moved forward from Valley Forge to pillage local civilians. When the soldiers failed to receive adequate food, minimal clothing, or the pay they had been promised, they were forced to make a decision.They either had to endure their hardships silently, grumble among themselves, or make trouble. They could either de fend themselves or walk away. Soldiers had to deal with this unsolvable problem everyday, and they chose to act forcibly and continue. This is the true story of Valley Forge. These three sources share similarities and differences. It is quite clear that Jack Rakove and Robert Middlekauff, for the most part agree on their depictions of the experience at Valley Forge. But, Ray Raphael shares a much more interesting, more realistic portrayal.The traditional telling of Valley Forge is one somewhat out of a fairytale. It is simply over exaggerated with the overly harsh conditions and strong heart of the men who pulled through with their dedication to their country and continued fighting without ever giving up or losing hope. In the words of Ray Raphael himself, it is â€Å"disrespectful† towards the soldiers who fought for our country in Valley Forge. All three of these sources do agree that the times were not easy, but Raphael bases it off of a more reasonable explanation, rather than blaming the misery on nature.Raphael explains that it was in fact the congress’ fault for the soldier’s suffering. The congress did not send the soldiers the proper necessities in which they were promised, such as food, clothing or pay. The soldier's could have simply retreated and walked away, but they chose not to. They decided, despite the fact that they did not have the proper necessities to fight, they would continue and use what they could to survive and defeat the enemy. Raphael shares a more respectful, appreciative and persuasive telling of the story of Valley Forge.

Science was born and survives only by questions. Essay

Science was born and survives only by questions. The whole foundation of science is questioning. And as parents and teachers well know, children are the source of unending questions. Hence, ‘child is the first scientist’. It is very important for every parent to be willing to make the effort to guide children to be good human beings – enlightened and hardworking. The teacher, the child’s window to learning and knowledge, has to play the role model in generating creativity in the child. This triangle is indeed the real role model I can think of. I would even go to the extent of saying that if parents and teachers show the required dedication to shape the lives of the young, India would get a new life. As it is said: Behind the parents stands the school, and behind the teacher the home. A proper education would help nurture a sense of dignity and self-respect among our youth. These are qualities no law can enforce – they have to be nurtured ourselves. A nation’s wealth is the young generation of the country. When they grow up, who can be the role models? Mother, father and elementary school teachers play a very important part as role models. When the child grows up, the role models will be national leaders of quality and integrity in every field including the science, technology and industry. I hope that e-techno teachers who teach and inspire the young students will continue their unmatched and noble services in the years to come, thus ensuring the march of Indian brilliance in every field. Role of students in removing illiteracy In our country is by far the most serious problem. We all recognize that illiteracy is bed, that it prevents the cultural growth of a people. But illiteracy in our country continues to exist on an appalling scale. Even today among ten in India about five are illiterate. Nor is there any organized effort to do away with this deplorable state of backlog. We tinker at the problem instead of tackling it thoroughly. We made experiments. The States have ambitious programmes of setting up primary schools in every village, but these are yet in the cold shade of neglect. But illiteracy can be removed and that quickly, if concerted efforts are made both by private organizations and the states. Within a decade, the Russians got rid of ignorance as colossal as ours; and now the Chinese have also achieved it. They took at once a total war against illiteracy for which the services of all educated men and women were conscripted. Gurudev Rabindranath also praised efforts of the Russians. For this, education must be made free and compulsory at least upto the age of fourteen. That is the plain directive of our Constitution. Recently a bill was adopted in the Parliament of India to make primary education a fundamental right. But even where education is free in India, it is not compulsory; and it is free only at the lower primary stage here and there. The result is that most of those who give up learning after this stage, are the drop-outs, lapse back, into ignorance. Of course, making elementary education compulsory demands money. Children of workers and peasants have to think of earning before they can think of learning. Mahatma Gandhi recognized this basic difficulty and he suggested a scheme by which children would begin to earn while they were learning. In that scheme, known as basic Education scheme, it is not only craft-centered, but the crafts are so chosen as to have a profit basis. The scheme however did not make much headway in free India.

View of Toledo by El Greco Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

View of Toledo by El Greco - Essay Example However after moving into the Spanish town of Toledo in 1577, where he spent the rest of his life, a spiritual dimension entered his works and a sublime aura of divinity can be seen in all that he was commissioned to paint. The View of Toledo cannot be stared at or its significance understood in a single glance, for it is to be contemplated upon and the seemingly dark spectrum riot of colors should be twirled within the mind, just like how several concoctions of heady liquors are tossed into a smooth cocktail. The storm that is about to break over the town is immanent with the deep spiritual force that seems to breach the heavens and take over the earth. There is an aesthetic element of how the lightning and thunder is not clearly seen or heard, yet brings about an electric tension over the horizon, where the sky is the darkest. The content of this painting maybe a simple landscape, but to what extent the painter's imagination has been affected is clear in the perception of a deep mystery surrounding the emptiness of the town, and from the feeling of vastness and volume, of space and time blending into the ethereal brink of an explosion. There is a three-dimensional quality to the picture plane because of the richness in color tone gradually increasing from left to right.

CIPD Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

CIPD - Essay Example letion of this session, participants would know the definition of decision making, its importance in the organization and how bad decisions can devastate an organization overnight. In the end of this session Managers would be asked to share their best and worst decisions after giving it a thought and the consequences they faced in both situations. Trainer should make notes about each participants and his / her ability to define the decisions and consequences. Each relevant example shared would add value to the participants learning. Rate the performance of the participants between 1 to 10 on the basis of their performance in the training. You have recently conducted an employee satisfaction survey on benefits provided by your employer. Based on the data you have to plan and execute certain HR interventions that can result in increased employee engagement and motivation. You have been asked to create a vision for your department. Something that should be aligned with company’s mission and values and can also predict the future and direction of your team and function. You hired an exceptional resource based on his strong credentials. You are absolutely sure that the incumbent would be a great addition to the already high performing team. On the first day of joining you get to know that your new star has had a huge argument with an existing star. You counsel them and realize that the existing differences are much too severe then you initially thought. You cannot afford to let go either of them. You have a resource whose arrival time is not according to the company policy. Even after verbal counselling and written warnings the incumbent fails to follow the rules. It is getting noticed and some team members are getting too casual with their arrival timings as well. You execute certain routine tasks every day. The tasks are all related to coordination and certain approvals are required based on the requests generated by internal customers. All these tasks are

Nilson Mandela Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Nilson Mandela - Essay Example During the early years of South Africa, racial discrimination was so apparent in this country because of the apartheid policy. This system provided inequality among its citizens and blacks were deprived of equal opportunities for work, housing, education and political power. The apartheid policy which was referred to as â€Å"separate development† in 1950 separated the blacks from the whites, enforced segregation in public facilities, and separate educational standards. The mounting pressures from the international community led to the dismantling of the apartheid policy in 1990, and eventually, the release of all black prisoners that included Mandela. (Robinson, Jr. n.d.) Nelson Mandela was so much opposed in this system and sought to end it by becoming a leader of several groups and movements to go up against the British system. For this, he was charged with activism and treason and was sentenced to life imprisonment. For several times, he was offered his freedom in exchange of promise that he would renounce his anti-apartheid ideals and violence but he refused. When he was released from prison on February 11, 1990, it was shown that he and his delegation agreed to the suspension of armed struggle. Robinson, n.d. said that when the South African Constitution was reformed in 1994, a general free election was held wherein; Mandela was the first democratically elected President of South Africa who served the country from May 10, 1994 to June 1999. His term legally ended the apartheid policy and put the racial discrimination to rest. In what ways did the efforts of Gandhi affect Mandela? Mandela was influenced by Mahatma Gandhi because of the parallelism on their beliefs on freedom struggles through non-violent process. Although born in India, Mahatma was an adopted citizen of South Africa and was one of those who shaped the liberation movement. Mandela followed Mahatma’s strategy of non-violent protest up to a point when the passive resistance can no longer stand the brute force of the oppressor. At first, sabotage was used because it did not mean loss of life, but later on they used militant force because Mandela believed that â€Å"force is the only language that imperialist can hear; and that no country became free who did not use force†. Mahatma also conceded to arms when necessary. Mahatma said: "Where choice is set between cowardice and violence, I would advise violence... I prefer to use arms in defense of honor rather than remain the vile witness of dishonor ..." Violence and nonviolence are not mutually exclusive; it is the predominance of the one or the other that labels a struggle. (â€Å"A tribute to Nelson Mandela† 2011) What parallels can be drawn between Mandela and Martin Luther King, Jr.? The two shared the same vision of emancipation of the blacks in their own countries; the blacks in South Africa, and the blacks in America. They are both aspirants of non-violent demonstration of protests and h ave gathered inspiration from Mahatma Gandhi. Both succumbed to prosecutions, arrests and subjected to personal abuse. Nonetheless, they were unaffected by the pursuits of government authorities and emerged as leaders of the people, steadfast in their desire for equality of men. Martin Luther King was recognized for his efforts on the civil rights movement, while Mandela was justified when he was elected as President of Sout

Holocaust Children Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Holocaust Children - Essay Example Some of these groups were Socialists, Communists, homosexuals, and Jehovah's witnesses. The Jewish population in Europe was at 9 million in 1933. As part of their 'Final Solution' the Nazis killed two out of every three Jews in Europe. Under the Nazi tyranny about three million Soviet prisoners of war died out of starvation and neglect, and maltreatment. The Nationalist Socialist government, during the beginning of the Nazi rule created concentration camps to capture political and ideological challengers. In his book Frankl mentions, "we who lived in concentration camps can remember the men who walked through the huts comforting others, giving away their last piece of bread" (86). These camps were also used to detain Roma, Jews, and other victims of racial hatred. Ghettos, forced labor camps, and transit camps were established to monitor the Jewish population. After the invasion of the Soviet Union in 1941, Einsatzgruppen and militarized battalions of Order Police Officials were used to carry out mass murder of the Jews and other racial groups. Millions of Jews and oth er groups were deported from Germany and occupied territories, to killing centers, ghettos and extermination camps where they were killed in gas chambers. "Before the war began the Nazis had used the word 'evacuation' to mean 'expulsion'" (Rossel and Altshuler 43). In an attempt to prevent Allied liberation of the prisoners they were moved by train or forced marches. These marches were called death marches and continued till 7th May 1945, this was when the German forces surrendered to the Allies. "Children, swept up by the winds of terror, became perhaps the most explicit targets of destruction from the early stages of Nazi action" (Eisen 12). In accordance with their ideological views that is, for security reasons or as part of the so called racial struggle, the Nazis killed children from what they called the unwanted and dangerous groups. The German and their allies killed these children as retaliation to supposed partisan attacks or as part of their ideology. "In its relentless racist attack lasting from 1939 to 1945, the Nazi Holocaust exterminated 1.5 million innocent children throughout Europe" (Vromen 1). This included thousands of Gypsy children, German children who were mentally and physically disable, polish children, children living in the captured Soviet Union and over a million Jewish children. Jewish and non-Jewish adolescents were deployed as forced labor. The destiny of these children can be categorized as being killed at the time of birth, getting killed at the killing centers, being killed in institutions, surviving as by being hidden by the prisoners, being used in medical experiments, being used as laborers, or being killed during reprisal operations. Jewish children died from starvation, lack of clothing, lack of shelter and exposure. The Germans considered the ghetto children to be useless and unproductive and called them "useless eaters" and were very indifferent towards their death. Upon arriving at the Killing centers and Auschwitz-Birkenau, the children were directly sent to the gas chambers. Thousands of children were shot by the German authorities at the edges of mass graves in occupied Soviet Union and Poland. The agonized Jewish council chairmen had to decide the first victims for killing; they had been forced to do so by the German aut

Rewrite Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Rewrite - Essay Example With respect to this particular project, datasets from five hospitals within the nation of the United Arab Emirates will be analyzed. The information which was ultimately collected, tabulated, and analyzed related to the records of diabetic patients. Accordingly, the next step of the research was to evaluate a host of different data mining methods which could be of use with regards to understanding the overall pattern of the given datasets. As a final step, the project is intended to extract a level of useful inference with regards to the medical knowledge to include rules and /or patterns and seek to include them in an overall research that could ultimately be published as a means of showing how data mining techniques have the potential to lead to knowledge discovery and generation. As a function of performing these experiments, WEKA was utilized. As a function of using WEKA to draw a level of inference upon the medical data, it was able to determine and populate a lot of missing va lues by treating these values as separate attributes and encoding them appropriately. The end result of such an analysis has revealed a high number of hidden patterns that could not be elaborated upon with the use of normal analysis. As a function of all of this level of analysis, the end consequence can and should be to have a high level of improvement upon the potential for medical resolutions to both extant as well as unknown issues. Acknowledgement This particular project has only been able to be completed due to the tireless help and assistance of a wide variety of different individuals. I would like to take this particular opportunity to thank each and every one of them for the differing levels of assistance they have provided. 1.1 Supervisor Motivation When I had first begun to consider the long list of projects that were available, I had at first thought that as a software engineering specialist, it would be best to work on seeking to develop a java interface or a particular web-browsing application. However, once I considered this to a further degree, I began to realize that there was a more definitive need within the current and existing knowledge base that is represented within the Medical Data Mining arena. Due to the fact that I had long considered the techniques that could help to integrate a greater level of understanding of hidden patterns within databases, I opted for this route. Dr. M. Saraee was extraordinarily useful and helpful in seeking to motivate and direct y project as well as research into this particular field. As a function of his encouragement, this project has been able not only to improve upon my research skills but also provide a valuable and measurable impact on the prospects of future work that I might be able to engage upon. 1.1.2 Personal Motivation Over the past several years, while studying for a degree in Software Engineering, I was introduced to a few of the concept of document analysis and pattern recognition. As a res ult of this, one of the main motivations that I developed was to accrue a deep and complete understanding of data mining and pattern recog

Self Evaluation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Self Evaluation - Essay Example I am going to go a head and discuss a real life case study which I experienced myself while I was working as a house supervisor for Familia Group Home Inc. This business housed teens ranging from 14-22 with violent aggressive behaviors and drug addictions. The company just pretty much gave out applications for anyone who came by seeking employment and would send them to get a security background check if cleared they could be hired by the owner. There were 10 employees all together at that time. The company did not have any standard operating procedures and/or policies hence the problems occurring due to the absence of such policies are self explanatory. For example, the employees reporting to work on time had no incentive of doing so while the employees who were not punctual faced no embracement. My objective was to basically establish an effective and efficient human resource department comprising of at least one HR coordinator and one assistant. I could not have just hired one person because like Bazerman, Loewenstein, and White (1992) have also demonstrated that people exhibit less will power when they weigh choices separately rather than jointly. The purpose was to create a set of policies like, The challenge was to compare the cost of hiring a qualified and experienced HR person versus the cost of having un-organized and un-monitored employees leading to jeopardized care of the facility and compromised treatment of the children, which of course was against the aim of the organization. Therefore there were 2 options, The problem with hiring a new person for taking care of human resources was not only the cost of it being higher than the 2nd option but also the time. The time, which the new person will require to adjust and understand the situation, get trained and then work according to it. We decided to

Suppliments and Herbs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Suppliments and Herbs - Essay Example Sheep Sorrel The herb is gaining popularity from its actions against cancer and use as anti-inflammatory. It is readily available, and there is no yet evaluation from FDA. It has various components within it that support its function in prevention and treatment of cancer. It contains the beta-carotene that performs the antioxidant function that increases the T-cells to kill cancerous cells and WBCs. The herb has polysaccharides and rutins that prevent cancerous growth and tumors. The herb further contains oxalic acid that has anticancer and antitumor properties. All these components within the herb assist in the prevention of cancer and reducing the side effects of chemotherapy. Patients suffering from gout, kidney stones, and arthritis should avoid using this herb due to its side effects. Garlic There is also evidence supporting that Garlic is a herb that can prevent and treat cancer. The research shows that it is one of the best remedies for the disease. The herb has sulfur compounds that neutralize carcinogens and further contribute to shrinking of the tumor. It acts to stop the carcinogens and facilitate repair of DNA by use of vitamins and minerals to prevent the possibility of cancer. They also have allium compounds that boost immune cells to fight cancer. Garlic further has flavonoids and arginine that are beneficial to health. Nonetheless, patients using these herbs need to take precaution due to their side effects. High consumption of these herbs may cause strong body odors and in some cases, there are allergies.

Compare and contrast how the two short story writers use the theme of revenge Essay Example for Free

Compare and contrast how the two short story writers use the theme of revenge Essay The two writers Isabel Allende and Guy de Maupassant both use the theme of revenge in many ways in their short stories The school teachers guest and Vendetta. Vendettas key theme appears to be revenge because of the title, the word Vendetta meaning A bitter, destructive feud. Where as The school teachers guest seems, from its title, to be a pleasant story about a school teachers guest. The opening paragraphs of the stories are also different. The school teachers guest introduces the murder straight away by the schoolteacher Ines entering the pearl of the Orient and announcing to the character Turk that she had just cut off the head of one of her guests, Allende then goes back to explain why this happened. This is different in Vendetta as the murder does not happen until the very end and it isnt until the middle of the story that we learn who the vendetta is for. The revenge in Vendetta is also build up in a different way by setting a depressing scene and working gradually into the sons murder and the widows grieving. It also builds up the widow training the dog Sà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½millante to kill. This is different in the school teachers guest, as the murder is announced at the beginning, there is no build up and the killing of the man is more of an act of fate. The reason for the act of revenge is also described more thoroughly in the school teachers guest. The accidental murder of Iness son is told in lines 24-35 in great detail using phrases such as drilling a black hole in the middle of his forehead through which his life rapidly escaped. In Vendetta, Maupassant simply states one evening, Antoine Saverini was treacherously stabbed in a quarrel by Nicolas Ravolati, who escaped that same night to Sardinia. This is a much shorted but not as thorough way to describe the main reason for the climax of the story. One thing similar between the two stories is the scene in the aftermath of the sons murder being described in great detail, although in the school teachers guest the act of revenge is almost committed by the towns people rather than swore by the victims mother. The aftermath in the school teachers guest is also more of a community parade, throwing mangoes and marching rather than weeping by the dead boys bedside as the widow does in Vendetta. We are also told more about the murder despite not knowing his name. We know that he is a truck driver and an outsider of Agua Santa. In Vendetta we know nothing of Nicolas Ravolati but his name which does not give him much character to hold a vendetta against. Both Maupassant and Allende use revenge in different ways in their short stories but Allende describes the characters and the reasons for revenge more thoroughly even if she doesnt set the scene as well. In this way I found the school teachers guest used revenge in better and more high-quality ways.

Cats Cradle by Kurt Vonnegut Analysis

Cats Cradle by Kurt Vonnegut Analysis Science is a Good Servant but a Bad Master Science has now known sin. The life of man was very different from what it was a hundred years back. Today, we are all living in a world of modern Science that revolutionized our present day society. We can see how it eventually changed our lives by making everything easier and faster. Science has helped man to lead a better life than ever before through communication, health, security, transportation and entertainment but on the other hand, Science is not just for our own good. It has created deadly and destructive weapons which is mostly used for war. Guns, rifles and grenades are some of those weapons that made man more violent, but the atomic bomb which can potentially wipe out the whole world had caused a lot of suffering and death of innocent people. The quotation above is from the novel Cats Cradle by Kurt Vonnegut that talks about the failure of Science as it was used to create the most destructive weapon on Earth, killing all life forms on Earth. In relation to that, the title itself of the novel is a childrens game that loops strings to create figures and the way it was used in the novel is to explore on how humans shape the world through Science and their own stupidity of misusing it that has led to their own destruction. The novels recurring themes like technological advancements and destruction of humanity illustrates a cross connection and relevance to the real world. It warns that if technological advancement continues without a concurrent growth in ethical awareness, annihilation of the human race is a real possibility. Based from the book Critical Companion to Kurt Vonnegut by Susan Farrell, it criticizes the same idea that Science has already known sin through its technological advancements, since the society had completely cut off from human considerations and I admit that what the author said is true because it is historically proven that the combination of Science with human stupidity will lead to a lot of complications and cause a lot of ecological destructions which put our lives in a great danger. It becomes clear to me that most people are becoming blind to moral basis because they put too much faith in Science and they think that they can understand and control everything through it. How the world works is still not enough to satisfy most human beings, in which greed could be the main source of our own destruction. Science has been a part of everyones lives that provided structure and stability. But some people may consider Science beyond sin, since it only seeks knowledge. As Science continues to be created in a moral vacuum and be used without appropriate consideration of the human consequences, all life on Earth would be in trouble and if it continues to seek in the wrong place and show no signs of correcting itself, it will only lead to the destruction of humanity because knowledge does not always mean progress and that progress is not always beneficial for everything has consequences. Most apocalyptic science fiction novels act as a warning with regards of too much abuse of Science and its technologies. It mostly explores the possible consequences that human may encounter in the future if scientific discovery and research continues in a wrong way. Global events such as the World War II had greatly contributed to the popularity and growth of this form of literature when the possibility of widespread destruction and human extinction caused by nuclear weapons became a large public issue and a dominant threat. While some novels just serve as a mirror to our real world and provide caution about the dangers of nuclear wars, novels like Cats Cradle by Kurt Vonnegut represents a realistic structure of the world we live in. It was created with a personal tone which speaks about the authors personal experiences in World War II. It symbolizes on mans ability to destroy life on Earth with its creation of the real atomic bomb which was used to attack Hiroshima and Nagasaki dur ing the war in August 1945. The novel is an allegory that described on how the world was once destroyed by man through Science by means of nuclear bomb and it is also an authors warning in which this kind of disaster could possibly happen again and result in a terrible future for us. As stated by Fumika Nagano in her criticism from the book Blooms Modern Critical Views: Kurt Vonnegut, Cats Cradle is a novel that talks about the political abuse of Science through its technologies that created an atomic bomb, a weapon for mass destruction specifically in World War II. According to the book, it was reported that it killed a lot of innocent people in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan and people also died from radiation poisoning but some who survived developed some genetic diseases in which they passed on to the next generation such as leukemia. Kurt Vonnegut stated in that book that he completely lost his faith in Science when we dropped scientific truth on Hiroshima. I know for myself that weve been still living in a world with these unending wars but the only way for us to survive is to think independently and reflect on ourselves. We should try to avoid being stupid unthinking sheep that simply do what everyone is doing and accepts whatever the society accepts. We ne ed to set ourselves apart from the rest of the ignorant society. Felix Hoenikker is not a common villainous antagonist in the novel. He is an absent-minded person that lacks interest in his family, especially with his children. He lacks an understanding of basic human emotions. But everyone appreciates his contribution to Science as he was considered the father of the atomic bomb and the creator of the weapon ice-nine, which later leads to the Earths destruction and the end of all lives. Ice-nine is a small substance that Dr. Hoenikker secretly created but eventually falls into the hands of the dominant government in the novel. It is solid at room temperature and has a melting point of 45.8à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™. When this substance comes into contact with liquid water that has a temperature below the melting point of ice-nine like the seas or oceans, it can cause the solidification of the entire body of water and will result to a chain of ecological destruction and end all life on Earth. Dr. Hoenikker is the antagonist of the story due to his perception and views of life. When he was asked about the relation of science and sin, he asks, What is sin? From these instances, he truly shows that he does not care about people or morality and his inability to understand can create destruction and violence around him. Vonnegut wanted us to see Dr. Felix Hoenikker as a representation of the so called saints in the field of Science, which are the scientists who pursue abstract truth and knowledge without considering human consequences. Most of them nowadays is being blinded by power and fame in which they just dont care about others. Some of them works for the government in which they are being manipulated and controlled to build weapons for war. The goal for some scientists is to make their inventions successful and the result of destroying nature and killing innocent people is not their concern. In support to that, according to Walter Shear on his literary criticism entitled Kurt Vonnegut: The Comic Fate of Sensibility, Science exists like a game for scientists in which they play without considering any ethical values and regardless of the destructive outcomes it can have like terrible wars and dehumanization of most individual in the society. I truly agree on his idea about scientists today because in my opinion, scientists consider themselves as masters of nature inspired by scientific advancements and I see them as cold men of Science who are cut off from human concerns. They made Science to commit sin and be manipulated as an evil tool that created the worst human sufferings and might lead to humanitys extinction in the future. The novel is a whole criticism to peoples ignorance. All of the ideas that a society holds about its progress and development including how it is achieved through research and discoveries by the use of Science. However, our worlds greatest or should I say the most destructive scientific discovery is the atomic bomb, which has the capacity of ending thousands of lives. So, a society pursuing a better world through Science is ironic because the further mankind dives into scientific discoveries without ethical understanding, the more destructive the society becomes. Human beings always crave a higher form of truth that will give meaning to their lives. Religions have supplied these higher form of truths in the past but because of Science, through its advancement and its credibility, it became a kind of false religion. This period of history became known as The Enlightenment. It began to free the peoples minds from the teachings of the church for thousands of years. They wanted to change everything and replace faith with knowledge and reason. Today, religions and spiritual truths have become a suspect in the 21st century. But from the criticism of Donald Morse, he brought up the negative outcomes of Science in the 21st century based from some of Kurt Vonneguts novels including Cats Cradle. He emphasized that we are preoccupied with the disastrous effect of weapons like atomic bombs but we havent given any attention on other unforeseen causes of Science that might as well lead to our extinction including pollution and environmental destruction. Modern Science is considered now as a large body of knowledge and nowadays it has a large gap between the stated mission of it to improve and better human life and its actual products, which include weapons of mass destruction. Due to humanitys greediness and being blinded by wealth, people would do anything to have full control of it, as it will eventually be used in wars. Science will lack a moral or unconcerned sense with the rightness or wrongness of something, if it ends up in the hands of an ignorant or greedy person. Human stupidity of misusing it can cause to our own self destruction. The event that happened in Nagasaki and Hiroshima created a new era for us as the world entered the nuclear age. For seven decades since the first atomic bomb was created, it became the scientists ambition to continue pursuing and develop these kind of weapons. Countries like U.S., Russia, United Kingdom, France, China, India, Pakistan and North Korea have admitted that they possess nuclear weapons. The recent atomic bombing event was the North Korean nuclear test that occur five times this year but the current one happened last September 9, 2016 and they did not immediately announce about the test. It is like our humanity is continuously discovering new ideas on how to destroy itself. Science will only be beneficial if it will be used as a common good for mankind and we know that it became our foundation in developing societies and improving human life, however all of us is also worried on the power that Science possesses to destroy life on Earth. It is true that Science can create wonders by all of its discoveries and inventions but the way it is used as a weapon of mass destruction that controls our existence is not its fault. Human stupidity and its unethical values is the main cause why we have these kind of weapons at the first place. Their different ideologies went too far that they had misused Science in creating destructive weapons instead of bettering our world. In the wrong hands, Science will have the capacity to ruin lives of innocent people and if we let it to become our master then it might be the end of the world for us and we will be wipe out from the face of the Earth. We should not let Science overpower us and control our way of life. Science sho uld be use as a support in expanding our knowledge for a great cause, promoting security and safety to everyone, establishing better societies, improving human life and strengthening our moral responsibility. Therefore, it should be our servant in a good way, and not to become our master.

L.A. Gang Member by Sanyika Shakur Essay -- Monster Autobiography L.A.

L.A. Gang Member by Sanyika Shakur Kody Scott grew up in South Central L.A. during the nineteen-sixties and seventies, soon after the creation of the Crips. Raised in poverty without a father, and a full family raised solely by his mother, Kody Scott led the stereotypical â€Å"ghetto† life, a poor and broken home. However he does not blame this on his own personal decision to join the Crips while only eleven year’s old. The allure of the respect and â€Å"glory† that â€Å"bangers† got, along with the unity of the â€Å"set†(name for the specific gang) is what drew him into the gang. Once joined, he vowed to stay in the â€Å"set† for life, and claimed that banging was his life. After many years of still believing this, he eventually realized that the thug life was no longer for him, and that gangs were a problem on society and the â€Å"Afrikan† race(page 382-383). In his book â€Å"Monster: The Autobiography of an L.A. Gang Member†, he tells of his life story and how he came and left the gang life. For thirteen years he was a member of the Eight Tray Gangsters, a set of the Crips, and throughout the book he explains, sometimes in full detail, the life he led while in the gang and his many times in jail and prison. These life stories he tells, include drive-byes, shootouts in supermarkets, parks, streets, houses etc., fist fights, group beatings, kidnapings, doing drugs, selling drugs, car-jacks, amputation, robbery, friend’s deaths, enemies’ deaths, being shot, knife fights, police abuse, jail riots, jail rapes and any other part of the gang life possible. Now if possible, imagine that this all happened within thirteen years, and to a teenager. These crimes, more specifically the brutal ones, are what got him his nickname â€Å"Monster Kody†. None of this really affected him though, until when in jail, he was c onverted to a Muslim, when he changed his name to Sanyika Shakur. However, it took him a while to realize that what he was doing was wrong and it was not what he wanted to do for the rest of his life. Although he now realized this, it wasn’t because of religion really, but more for the survival and advancement of the â€Å"Afrikan† race, as he was now becoming more and more politically and morally conscious(page 277). After coming and going out of prison, he was struggling between the two lives he was trying to lead, one as a banger and the other as a leader for the â€Å"Afrikan†... ...left the gang life behind in order to raise his family in a safer environment and also to settle his conscience down and feel better about himself. In conclusion, Kody Scott a.k.a. Sanyika Shakur, used this book as a tool to help let society know the dangers of the gang life, and possibly some advice to help prevent gangs from growing and spreading, and also to prevent his past from becoming somebodies future. Which is best summed up in his last paragraph from the book in which he states: â€Å"How do we come to grips with the fact that this thing has gotten way too real, out of control like some huge snowball running down a hill, threatening to smash and kill all in it’s path, including those who originally fashioned it? Time is of the essence, and every thinking person with a stake in life-especially those involved in the fighting-should put forth an effort, something more concrete than a â€Å"media truce,† to deal with this tragedy. The children deserve to have a descent childhood where they live. They shouldn’t have to be uprooted to the suburbs to experience peace. We cannot contaminate them with our feuds of madness, which are predicated on factors over which we have no control.†

Apartheid in South Africa :: Apartheid South Africa Segregation Essays

Apartheid in South Africa Apartheid is the political policy of racial segregation. In Afrikaans, it means apartness, and it was pioneered in 1948 by the South African National Party when it came to power. Not only did apartheid separate whites from non-whites, it also segregated the Blacks (Africans) from the Coloreds (Indians, Asians). All things such as jobs, schools, railway stations, beaches, park benches, public toilets and even parliament. Apartheid also prevented blacks from living in white areas. This brought about the hated "pass laws". These laws required any non-white to carry a pass on him or her. Unless it was stamped on their pass, they were not allowed to stay in a white area for more than 72 hours. Despite the fact that the whites only make up just over 14% of the population, they own 86.3% of the land. However, it must be said that the Afrikaaners are entitled to the Orange Free State and Transvaal as they were first to use it after the Great Trek of 1836. The average South African White earns eight times as much as the average black man. Coloureds earn three times as much as black while colords earn well over half of what whites earn. During Apartheid, media censorship was at an all time high. People were even banned from showing Soweto on television. It was common to see a newspaper shut down, and then start again after being halted by the government. Up until 1985, mixed marriages were banned. This meant that a person of one race cold not marry a person of another race. Apartheid was not only used in theory, but also by law. Every person was classifed, just like an animal, as white, black or coloured. The system of Apartheid began to deteriorate in the mid to late 1980's. In 1985, mixed marriages were allowed, the Pass laws repealed, and a general weakening of petty segregation laws regarding parks and beaches. In 1994, the entire system collapsed after Pres. F.W. de Klerk gave non- whites to vote. Nelson Mandella was elected tooffice following his prison release in February 1990. GROUP AREAS ACT A Group Areas Act, froom 1948, set aside most of the coutntry for use by the whites. Smaller, and less desiracle areas called 'bantustans' were set aside for blacks. These areas are over crowded, un sanitory, and most of all, unhygenic. Soweto, a large bantustan, is the size of Brighton, yet has over two million peopl in it. Blacks were told to regard these desolate and unfertile areas as their 'homelands'. Over half of the black South African population lived, not in these batustans, but in the white areas of the country for cheap labour.

Essay --

Helen Keller is a woman that has done many wonderful things in her lifetime. Many people think she is an amazing person. She has taught people that no matter what is wrong with you, you can do anything you put your mind to. I believe she looked at as one of the most inspirational people in the world. Helen Keller was born on June 27, 1880. She was born in Tuscumbia, Alabama, which was a small, southern, and sleepy town. Helen enjoyed living in her farmhouse and having her horses, dogs, and chickens. Helen loved living in such a small home town. Helen’s father, Captain Arthur Keller, was a newspaper editor and a cotton farmer. During the Civil War he served in the Confederate Army. Her mother, Kate Keller, was born in the south, and she was related to John Adams. Helen loved her parents and had a great relationship with both of them. When Helen was nineteen months old she came down with a serious fever. The doctors called it congestion of the brain and stomach. Suddenly, the fever went away and she became blind. Helen was having a bath when her mother moved her hand in front of her face and she did not blink or move her eyes at all. She did it several times to see if she would blink but she never did. Helen’s mother realized that her daughter had become blind. Helens mom and dad noticed that she needed a little special help, so they decided it would be best to contact the Perkins Institute for the blind in Boston. The director told them about Anne Sullivan. She had also been blind, but the doctor saved her eyesight in surgery. Anne arrived on March 3, 1887 and she immediately began to work with Helen. Anne Sullivan had a very hard childhood, just like Helen. She was born to Irish immigra... ... October 20, 1936, at 70 years old. Helen was so sad that she lost the woman who had helped her through her whole life. Helen had a very difficult time getting over her loss. In 1957, Polly had a very severe stroke. Due to the stroke she suffered brain damage, and could no longer be Helens assistant. Polly Thomas died in 1960 after 46 years with Helen. When Helen was in her eighties she became very weak. In 1961, she had a stroke and developed diabetes. At the age of 87, Helen died while she was in her house after having a sudden heart attack. Helen Keller is one of the most inspirational people ever. She has done amazing things in her life and with the American Foundation for the Blind. She accomplished many things that most people have not achieved in their lives. Helen Keller is and will always be remembered for her great actions.

How Can Literature Save a Nation Essay

To fully understand this question, we need to define first two things. One is, of course, what literature is; second, what it is that endangers a nation that can be negated by literature. Literature, per definition, is the art of written works. In Latin, it literally means â€Å"to be acquainted with letters†. So, in that context, every book, every journal, every thing written, loosely defined, is literature. Now, what can books, journals and papers possibly do to save a nation from, say, war? Or economic crisis? Or anything that can harm what we define as â€Å" community sharing a common language, a common culture†; simply, a nation? Take for example something written by a middle-aged American way back in the 1850’s. And she was a woman, nonetheless, by the name of Harriett Beecher-Stowe. It revolves around an African-American man who, today, would be a houseboy or a worker. Those times, he was called a negro slave. The book is, of course, Uncle Tom’s Cabin, with the story touching sensitive topics of slavery, racism, and religious faith. This simple book by a simple schoolteacher awakened the minds of the American people into realizing that, to quote Shakespeare’s â€Å"Merchant of Venice†, â€Å"If you prick me, do I not bleed? If you tickle me, do I not laugh? † This aroused a sense of disgust that what White Americans were doing to another actual human being, albeit of a different color, yet still another living person, what they themselves would not want to be put up with. In short, this book helped shape America’s future as a slave-free country by igniting the first sparks of the American Civil War. Coincidentally, some decades later, it was to be the same book that would ignite another revolutionary spark somewhere in the Pacific; in the Southeast Asian region to be exact. While in Madrid, our very own Dr. Jose P. Rizal was moved by Uncle Tom’s Cabin that he proposed writing a novel that would do the same for the Philippines (at that time under Spanish oppression) what that book did for America. The result was â€Å"Noli Me Tangere† (Touch Me Not). Now, to illustrate how those works saved a nation concretely would be illogical. For it is not paper and pencil that saves a nation, it is us, its people. We are the nations conscience and we act on our own consciences. Literature, whether it be the Bible, or Uncle Tom’s Cabin, or The Da Vinci Code, ignites in us thoughts and emotions.. Of course it cannot save us physically, but it is a catalyst. Literature is concentrated on saving the civilised human race. It keeps us who we are, points out what makes us different from animals: our thinking and our ability to not only change and adapt, but to change the situation we are in. It informs us, thus, giving us new points of view and a broader opinion on a subject leading to a better understanding of it. It generates ideas that move us into action, that influence us, that change us. This is what creates a force or a chain reaction of sudden awareness that causes the people of a nation to rise up and save that nation; either from slavery, from oppression, from economic downfall, or form anything a nation is to be saved from by its people.

Politics of Backstabbing Essay

Due to the result of such illegitimate political approach, Mr. Rosen was demoted while his colleague was promoted. Shortly after the incident, Mr. Rosen resigned with many questions unanswered (Robbins and Judge, 2007, p. 497). Warning These types of incidents are very common in the workplace as some people would use political games to move ahead. In my opinion Mr. Rosen needs to communicate ith his colleague and solve this issue in a friendly kind of way, to avoid any complication in the future. Be straight forward about his concern and bring up the comments and the abnormal behavior that affecting him. During the conversation Mr. Rosen should offer his assistant if ever needed as a reminder of working as a team. Anyone should feel at peace and concentrate on doing their Job without feeling like being watched or being stabbed in the back. Be sure to keep a written record, dated, time, and every event for future need. Manager or criticize the view. If there was no improvement, Mr. Rosen should take the next step by talking to his manager about his concern and ask for his manager advice to appropriately approach the issue. To avoid the negative repercussions that can come from backstabbing and other illegitimate behavior, manager should research and verify the incident. Never by pass your manager by going straight to the next level, because this can be much more complicated. Present your manager, the fact with any supportive written records you might have and pressing on the fact that this causing your Job’s performance and stress, and would lead to health issues. Backstabbers often claim to be a friend with their victims and act, as if they are hesitant about sharing negative information due to the friendship. Backstabbers aren’t our friend and we should be cautious and prepared of their existent. H. R. Dept. and the Chain of Command The next level can be accelerated to the human resource department if there is no improvement after reporting to the manager. Explain the fact that he had already taken all the necessary actions before proceeding to the H. R. Department. Again, Mr. Rosen will need to press firmly that this dilemma is causing his Job’s performance nd stress that will hurt not only him individually, but this will also impact the company performance as a whole. At this point, human resource should gather any necessary information and take appropriate actions. Hopefully, this is your last stop and be prepared if this doesn’t work, then elevate to the chain of command. There is a reason to every problem, and every problem needs to be resolved. Be sure to keep a written record of all time during this dilemma, since it will be needed to go to the chain of command. Write a complain letter with supportive documents include ritten records and present it to the chain of command and explain that this behavior is causing a hostile work environment. Conclusion One of the most political actions in organizations has consistently found to be promotion decisions. The opportunity for promotions or advancement encourages people to compete for limited resources and positively influence the decision’s outcome. Threatened with the loss of resources people may engage in political actions to safeguard what they have. Certain personality traits, needs, and other factors have been found by some researcher that is likely to be related to political behavior. However, any changes, especially those that imply significant reallocation of resources within the organization are likely to stimulate conflict and increase politicking. Many researches focuses on backstabbing aimed at organizations, but most sabotage is intended to harm a colleague, and generally benefits the perpetrator. It’s not easy to identify back stabber’s motivation. Backstabbers are jealous and generally insecure in themselves. They are very cruel and enjoy hurting others. It is never Justifiable to partake in backstabbing or any other illegitimate political behavior as soon, or later they’ll be caught and suffer the consequences.

Diploma in H

[pic] Diploma in Hospitality and Tourism HT 1020 Marketing in H&T The outlet of Carrefour ® Lecturer: MR. Alvin Group name: 4+1 Group members: LI CHUNYAN |1111/9205 | |LIU FANGYU |1108/8812 | |HUANG JIAHUI |1112/9271 | |XU KE |1109/8920 | |YAO SHI |1201/9343 | Table of Contents 1. Introduction†¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 2. Background†¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦3 3. Marketing Research†¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 3 3. 1 Marketing Concept†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦3 3. 2 Service Marketing†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 4 3. 2. 1 Environment†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦5 3. 2. 2 Service concept†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 5 3. 2. 3 Quality of service management†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 5 3. 2. 4 Four-dimensional customer service†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 6 3. 3 Micro & Macro Environment Assessment†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 6 3. 4 Analyze Consumer Behavior †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦7 3. 4. Cultural Factors†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 8 3. 4. 2 Social Factors†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦8 3. 4. 3 Personal Factors†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦8 3. 4. 4 Psychological Factors†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 9 3. 5 Segmenting Consumer Markets.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã ¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 9 4. News†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦10 4. 1 The Asia market territory is narrowing†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦10 4. 2 Suspected price fraud†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 11 5. Recommended Strategy & Implementation Plan†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 11 6. Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã ¢â‚¬ ¦. 11 Reference†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 12 1. Introduction Our group has chosen Carrefour ® for our project. In this report, firstly we will introduce its history briefly and then we will focus on 5 areas to analysis assessment and provide the detail that will enhance good marketing image/branding. The report will be conducted by analysis process, including situation analysis, identifying and explaining strategies, target customers needs and wants as well as the recommended implemented plans. 2. Background (History) The Carrefour Company was established by the Fournier and Defforey families in 1959.Over the past 40 years, the Carrefour group has grown to become the first largest retailer in Europe and the second largest retailer in the world, the group currently operates four main grocery store formats: hypermar kets, supermarkets, cash & carry and convenience stores. 3. Marketing research 3. 1 Marketing Concept Here are five key concepts under the Carrefour conduct their marketing activities. As we know, Production Concept is a concept where goods are produced without taking into consideration the choices or tastes of your customers. The Carrefour goods in the global procurement.A commodity into Carrefour, manufacturers must first obtain a recognized headquarters negotiations, each branch orders through the system. Carrefour has an international commodity department, responsible for looking for resources in the world, Commodity introduced to purchasing department, then he will ordering the goods . But, Product concept is the understanding of the dynamics of the product and showcase, the best qualities of the product. Carrefour is based on low prices, excellent customer service and a comfortable shopping environment for consumers to provide the required products of daily life.Carrefour limi ted and carefully select the types of goods , It will first consider the needs of customers ,From customers, employees, vendors, competitors obtain information to adjust the classification and respond to market trends, we need to understand the outside message, and then the reaction in the shop. For example, in 1994, Carrefour did not sell cosmetics, it selling computers in 1995 began selling cosmetics, computers. The Carrefour goods are usually priced lower than other markets .The Carrefour goods are usually priced lower than other markets, In 1987 ,Carrefour in Taiwan set off a sales promotion, reduce price lower than the normal market price of 20% to 50% , Carrefour through such sales way to make a profit . Carrefours through low-cost strategy, not only quickly occupied the market, and gradually establish a major feature of the full range. Sixties and seventies of the twentieth century, Carrefour launched â€Å"Vivez Libre† merchandise, free product is cheap unbranded prod ucts, the advertising slogan is: † ‘free product', no name, just as good, and cheaper. Within two weeks, 80 percent of consumers tried free products, 70% of consumers become repeat customers, This success is based on a basic concept of Carrefour, that customer philosophy. This is the marketing concept of Carrefour. Carrefour did not forget their social responsibility and is committed to safeguard the quality and safety of products, spare no effort to promote the Carrefour Quality System, and around the farmers in China to jointly develop green products and organic food, from product design, packaging and logistics the pursuit of environmentally friendly low-carbon.In addition, it balance to the † 3c model † 3. 2 Service Marketing The world economy nowadays is increasingly characterized as a service economy that Marketing services holds a unique place in business acumen and required different strategies to be successful. Services are characterized by being int angible, perishable, variable and inseparable from their provider. Marketing Services is not just about selling something, it is a true encounter . In fact, the growth of the service sector has long been considered as indicative of a country’s economic progress.Economic history tells us that all developing nations have invariably experienced a shift from agriculture to industry and then to the service sector as the main stay of the economy . services now increasingly represent an integral part of the product and this interconnectedness of goods and services is represented on a goods-services continuum. 3. 2. 1 Services environment Carrefour supermarket have a warm feeling for consumer, it can increase sales. They offers holiday shopping channels, during the holiday season, customers can enjoy the convenience of shopping and fast.External environment provides parking, special offers the announcement district and have different partition; wine drinking area, recreation area, bu lk, grain and oil area, Hardware District. In each partition have the difference between all kinds of goods. The best-selling products usually put in the customer more easily to find it. If you can not find something, inside the supermarket staff will give you the greatest help. 3. 2. 2 Carrefour's service concept People-oriented . Carrefour attaches great importance to direct contact with the customer a line employee education and training .Because lower-level employees have the biggest impact on service perceptions. So that employees fully understand and comprehend enterprise service marketing's overall goals, enhance their customer service sense of responsibility and sincere love, and pay attention to cultivate their dealing with customers, and establish a good relationship with the customer. 3. 2. 3 Carrefour’s quality of service management. Quality service ensures that customers are satisfied with what they have paid for, and maintain the key to customer satisfaction is the level of product quality.For service companies provide intangible products, the evaluation of both the quality of their services include: customer service content beyond the basic services provided by the enterprise, also including the specific quality of the various services offered by the enterprise project. 3. 2. 4 Four-dimensional customer service Carrefour has four-dimensional customer service system that all the stores to install the â€Å"service satisfaction survey system†, they can collect customer feedback as an important indicator of the stores appraisal to urge stores that continue to improve and optimize the services to improve the management level. . 3 Micro & Macro Environment Assessment The first time Carrefour created a new type of sales market, the hypermarket in 1963, the first time Carrefour set up the huge supermarket In French in the same year. The first time Carrefour entry international market in1969, for now have more than 10000 stores in 31 count ries and area, it is the NO. 39 top Fortune Global 500 in 2012.Although the Carrefour is powerful in the world, it also has the weaknesses; the online shop development of Carrefour is lacking behind as compare to competitors, market in some countries lack of management or expertise in this business. The way of Carrefour to development is at current markets possible to amplification at new aspect, or opens the stores in some countries that it didn’t open before, such as some third-world country, this action not only can set up the new market for Carrefour but also can increate the opportunities of the local.Absolutely, the Carrefour faces some threats; recent years there is a increase of competitors, thus causing a drop in market shares. Economy problem in Europe, has causes many forms of difficulty including revenues, costs and also trades. These are microenvironment of Carrefour. In the macro environment of Carrefour by using PEST to analysis the China market. China’s membership in WTO has helped oversea investor to easily penetrate into the China market due to government standardizing its market laws and regulations to international standards.Having one of the world largest population, the open market to the world has boast China’s economy thus causing increase of wealth in the population, increasing the amount of middle class consumers greatly attracts foreign investors like Carrefour; To enter the market or expand their market shares in China. Due to internationalization, China social and culture is more or less affected as they are more exposed to the world, they are becoming more and more westernize.Better wealth and social changes have also changes peoples buying behavior, consumers who have better income naturally believe that overseas products might be better than local ones. Such belief and buying behavior have causes brand and business from other country to target China’s high spending market. Open market to the world als o leads to increase research and development in the country, as company and business coming in means that factory like assembly and production factories will start to move in too.Technology and expertise start to increase in China due to this flop of business vast development. Business like Carrefour who carries house brand will consider moving it’s factories of production to China due to low labor costs and also the improve of technology and expertise will minimize the difficulty of shifting of factory; thus fast improvement in technology and expertise encourages business to shift it’s production or assembly line factory to China. 3. 4 Analyze Consumer Behavior In recent years, Consumer makes many buying decisions everyday.When it comes to shopping, the first thing come to the shopper mind is supermarket. The supermarket and people's lives are closely interrelated. However, supermarket environment, service attitude, commodity classification create a lot of influence o n shoppers desire to shop. 3. 4. 1 Cultural Factors One of the main characteristics affecting consumer behavior is a Culture factor, which exert the broadest and deepest influence on consumer behavior. For Carrefour, the business scope includes daily provisions, clothing, household appliances and etc. They have all kinds of goods that one need.It is now introducing KFC in the shopping concept. FuNaiTe dry cleaning shop is another concept. It has more than 50 different brands available in the market. It is like a collection of store and leisure, catering and entertainment as one of the major integrated stores. They can completely satisfy the consumers â€Å"One-stop shopping† daily life consumption demand. There are three values that Carrefour always adheres to. They are Committing, Caring and staying Positive. They respect the customer's shopping freedom and want as much customers as possible.For customers, employees and suppliers, they have to trust each other. 3. 4. 2 Socia l Factors A consumer’s behavior is influenced by social factors. The Carrefour group is also responsible for the society. Carrefour actively participate in China's public welfare undertakings and community activities, supporting and participating in Beijing's bid for the Olympic Games and Shanghai world expo bid, and with a variety of forms to the affected areas, hope school, welfare institutions urgently needed goods donated. All of these influences our consumers and let our life more colorful.So people like to go Carrefour for consumption. 3. 4. 3 Personal Factors A buyer’s decisions are also influenced by personal characteristics. The economic situation of buyer is very important in purchasing goods. For Carrefour, they are not only providing the consumer Variety and special commodity to choice, such as food, Personal care, home supplies, Style leisure and so on. But they also have many promotion activities. Let consumer feel the money that was spent is valued. Beca use of the â€Å"One-Stop Shopping† concept, buyers managed to save time in shopping.Carrefour determined in expanding as many business lines as possible, so that customers can purchase a neat daily necessity catered to all the classes, which located in different level of consumption customers. Commodity classification allows buyers to easily find things they are looking for in the shortest period of time frame. 3. 4. 4 Psychological Factors Psychological factors also play a role in consumer behavior. For example the Carrefour make full use of light and off-price merchandise to create the whole store a better atmosphere. As if making the customer feels the urge to buy upon entering Carrefour. . 5 Segmenting Consumer Markets we can identify from 7 aspects to segmentation consumer market. The first aspect is the geographic segmentation. Geographic Segmentation is collecting and analyzing information according to the physical location of the customers or other data source. Carre four marketers use geographic segmentation because they know where to sell their products to increase advertising and sales effect. For example, there are different numbers of population among each province in China then Guangdong consists of highest population with 160,000,000 peoples.Therefore, Carrefour should put more attention in Guangdong as the geographic in Guangdong is stronger compare than other province. Secondly, demographic segmentation calls for dividing the market into groups based on variables like age, sex, income, family life cycle, religion, education etc. Carrefour has targeted their demographic segment on age groups to enhance the performance of the organization. By age group report, age group from 15 to 64 years old had the highest number of people.In short, Carrefour Company should focus more on age group from 15 to 64 years old by identify their needs and wants. In this age group from 0-14 years old, they are more demanding in toys, milk, nappies, baby foods and prams. Age group from 15-64 years old has a broader and variety needs such as fashion item, cosmetic, apparels and health care products. Age above 65 have less demand, they like to buy a newspaper. Next, gender segmentation calls for dividing a market into different groups based on sex. Men tend to be cigarette and wine, whereas women tend to cosmetics and clothes.Fourthly, Carrefour marketers focus on the age and life cycle segmentation including provision of different products or use different marketing method for different angles and life cycle group. Fifthly aspect is income segmentation. Since the present income gap still very big, low-income people could not afford some expensive things, such as diamond and gold. Next is psychographic segmentation. It calls for dividing a market into different groups based on social class, lifestyle, or personal characteristics. Finally aspect is behavioral segmentation.This group based on consumer knowledge, attitudes, uses, or responses to a product. Carrefour marketers believe that behavior variables are the best starting point for building market segments. 4. News 4. 1 The Asia market territory is narrowing. On July 5th of 2012, according to people familiar with the matter, Carrefour trapped in big shareholder pressure, they are considering selling its branch, Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand, in order to raise $1 billion. Carrefour has been hiring Goldman group, UBS assist to asset auction. However, the plan is still in the primary stage. 4. 2 Suspected price fraudThis year ,on January 6, by the national development and reform commission disclosure suspected price fraud, using the original fiction to attract customers high settlement, not to perform price commitment, misleading price marking and so on the many kinds of fraud. For example, Shanghai Carrefour Nan Xiang shop sales bow and arrow spherical teapot, price tag labeling each 36. 80 Yuan, the actual settlement price 49. 00 Yuan each, Sales clove auspiciou s teapot, price tag labeling each 36. 90 Yuan, the actual settlement price 66 Yuan each. 5. Recommended Strategy & Implementation PlanThey should improve the quality of service of the employees, at the same time clearly the price supermarket products. That can not engage in fraud. Attention should be paid to the education and training of the front-line employees in direct contact with customers, so that they fully understand and appreciate the overall objectives of the enterprise services marketing, and enhance their sense of responsibility for customer service and a sincere love and attention to train them to deal with the customer, with the customer to establish good relations and other aspects of high-level skills. 6. ConclusionThrough the marketing research of Carrefour, We know that committed, caring and positive, these three values reflect the Carrefour’s culture. The Carrefour marketing concept is to low prices, excellent customer service and comfortable shopping envir onment for the vast number of consumers with daily life for all kinds of consumer goods. To customer commitment is in the price, product variety, quality, service and convenience and so on, various aspects meet the needs of the consumers. Carrefour as the greatest influence of first-class enterprise in the world, they also still exist some defects to be changed.In general, Carrefour provided the best service to customer and consumer everyday. Let everyone to enjoy better quality of life everyday. Reference list Carrefour. 2011. Current news. [online] Available at: http://www. carrefour. com/cdc/group/our-group/. [Accessed November 11 2011]. Anonymous , 2004 , Carrefour's mature PR . [online] China : Si Rui management . Available at: http://esoftbank. com. cn/wz/81_9503. html [Accessed November 12 2012] ZhaoQi. 2010. Carrefour difficulties and service mode change. China: WangHan, Wal-mart pattern Vs Carrefour mode.Gai Gai. 2012. Carrefour. [online] Available at: http://baike. baidu. com/view/18119. htm. [Accessed November 11 2012]. CongXiao,N. 2011. Carrefour price fraud event. [online] Available at: http://finance. people. com. cn/GB/8215/210272/234396/16257633. htm . [Accessed November 11 2012] Beckham, H. W 2008,  EBSCO Research Starters – Academic Topic Overviews : Competitive Strategy, EBSCO Publishing Inc. ,  Ã‚  viewed 10 November 2012, Ebsco Host database. Porter, M. E 2008, The Five Competitive Forces that Shape Strategy. Harvard Business Review, p. 86-104.

Communication and Professional Relationships with Children, Young People and Adults Essay

1.1 – The importance of effective communication in developing positive relationships with children, young people and adults The importance of developing good relationships with children, young people and adults alike cannot be stressed enough. It is vitally important that we demonstrate and model effective communication skills with positive interactions as children are more likely to respond favourably to this. We must know and understand the boundaries of passing on information whilst observing school policies and confidentiality. We must continually check and process our information in moments of stress or excitement so that the children understand our expectations. In a way we should ‘practice what we preach’ or children will find it hard to understand acceptable boundaries. The element of trust must be gained, for without this it is difficult to envisage any real positivity or respect to be formed. In all cases good listening skills are equally important. Particularly with children it is not good practice to simply tell children what to do. Allowing children to talk and responding on their own language level will help them feel their views are valued and will improve their own self-esteem. If a child is perturbed or upset, it is not always easy to find an instant or easy solution, so the more we let them talk and choose our replies carefully (and this may be very little dialogue from us) the more we will gain their trust. I have personally found it good practice to physically be on their level whether teaching or dealing with any problems they may be experiencing. It is particularly important that older children and teenagers are allowed to be heard and express themselves. We may not entirely agree with what that have to say but our attention is vital if they are distressed in any way. Again, it may be good practice to go away and reflect on their views rather that go in ‘gung ho’ and say something we wished we hadn’t, thus damaging their trust in us. If we relate well to others the message we send out will be positive, otherwise communications can break down and it can lead to bad feeling. Developing a good working relationship with adults within the school environment relies on adopting a professional approach. It is important to be thoughtful and choose words carefully, particularly when there are cultural differences. It’s important to listen and be empathetic to parents and guardians. This will help us understand concerns and reassure them wherever possible. A positive approachable attitude will encourage positive relationships, whilst we must always remain professional and follow school policies and procedures. We can provide information on the social welfare and any physical needs of their children. As a mediator we can pass relevant information to the class teacher or line managers. Although we may occasionally liaise formally with parents, it is more often less so. 1.2 – The Principles of relationship building with children, young people and adults The key principles are: †¢ Effective Communication. The main area for developing positive relationships, this covers many different forms of communication †¢ Showing respect. We have to listen and be respectful to other people, be courteous by remembering names and how we address them. It is important to respect and acknowledge different cultures and people with different beliefs. †¢ Being considerate. We need to think about why a person may be acting out of character as they may be under pressure before we respond to them. Consider their feelings and the position they may be in. †¢ Remembering issues that are personal to them. It’s good to remember personal information about colleagues or parents and use them in a positive and not intrusive way. We can ask about their siblings, or other family members. Remembering birthdays and possibly asking parents how their older children are enjoying high school. †¢ Taking time to listen to others. If people confide in us we must take time to listen and show that we are interested, particularly if they require advice or help. We need to then respond in appropriate manner. †¢ Being clear on key points. We must be clear when giving information or instructions in conversations. It is good practice to ask the other person to repeat back our requirements so that they have understood us correctly. †¢ Maintaining a sense of humour. Throughout our important school work and life it is important to inject humour at appropriate times too. It can be a good icebreaker or way of relieving stress and relaxing a situation. 1.3 – How different social, professional and cultural contexts may affect relationships and the way people communicate We can adapt the way we communicate in different professional and cultural situations. I would use more considered and formal language automatically. If it was a meeting or discussion I would consider both my approach and responses, use positive body language and be attentive at all times. I would dress accordingly depending on the formality of the meeting or course. I try to respond promptly to telephone and email messages. I tend to keep communication with those of a different culture as formal as possible until invited to be less so or a good rapport is attained.

Legislation on Cost Containment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Legislation on Cost Containment - Essay Example This aspect is particularly relevant to state-level policymaking. No universal cost containment measure is adopted in the United States and, instead, states were free to pursue their own models, tailored according to their specific needs, targets and circumstance (e.g. political and economic). This is not really surprising because: 1) states have been active players in health reform; and, 2) the health reform law is full of state obligations as well as opportunities for state innovation (Teitelbaum, and Wilensky, 2012, p.180). Back in 2003, the National Conference of State Legislatures (NCSL) Standing Committee released a white paper outlining possible cost saving ideas that state legislators could enact. These were composed of many possible ideas classified into nine categories, which include: direct cost containment; prescription drug ideas; cost shifting ideas; workforce expansion; health insurance reform; subsidy and uninsured care; medical error and medical malpractice; preventive and public health ideas; and, Medicaid ideas. The ideas were numerous and many states, thereafter, adopted an idea, a part of some or a combination of ideas for their own cost containment initiatives. One of the most important of these ideas, in my opinion, is that framework that seeks to cut cost by addressing medical errors and medical malpractice. In the NCSL (2003) compilation, initiatives within this cost containment classification include the legislation of laws that will ensure the regulation of the payment for damages (VII-1); the elimination of frivolous lawsuits (VII-2); as well as the establishment of mechanisms to ensure quality and compliance to health and safety standards (VII-4, VII-5, V-II-6). The NCSL has provided a lean list of ideas in this particular area. But I think that this is one of the most viable models that could easily pass the process of legislation. In policymaking, public opinion is

Value of Segmenting, Targeting and Positioning from a companys Essay

Value of Segmenting, Targeting and Positioning from a companys perspective - Essay Example All these steps are highly dependent on each other. Segmenting, targeting and positioning commonly called STP means establishing relationships with the right customers. Usually companies do this process in order to select the most suitable segment of the market in which they can perform their best. Another author has described these STP activities as the tool of communicating the personalized message to the relevant customers or the audience (Hanlon 2013). Segmenting means the process of dividing the whole potential market into certain divisions and segments on the basis of their needs, nature, purchasing power and many other characteristics. At first the market is divided and then every segment’s profile is made on the basis of their characteristics. There are a variety of factors which can be used as a segmentation base. These factors may include geographical base, demographics, psychographic and behavioral factors. Lifestyles, social classes and differences in personalities are certain other sub-factors which are important for the market researchers. Due to advancement in marketing techniques the segmentation bases has also been modified now (McAllister 2013). The homogeneity of the market segments makes it easy for the companies to generalize their research for the whole population of the segment (Rudra 2014). According to another author the 5Ws model clarify the process of segmentation i.e. Who, What, When, Where and Why. These all queries regarding customer will differentiate market segments (Richard 2013). Targeting means the process of identifying a segment which can be served easily. After segmenting definitely a company must not start to serve all the segments rather it would select those which seem to be attractive to be served. It is important here that the selection of target segment is only based on its attractiveness and potential customers. A target market or the segment is usually classified as the set of potential

Examples of e-Procurement applications and tools Case Study

Examples of e-Procurement applications and tools - Case Study Example E-business refers to the application of technologies, especially Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), to undertake or sustain business activities and processes, inclusive of research and development, procurement, design and development, manufacturing, operation, logistics, finance, value chain integration, HRM, design and development (Boone and Kurtz 2011, p.4). Procurement refers to the process by which companies purchase goods and services from a diverse range of suppliers. E-procurement infers the business to business (B2B) or business-to-consumer, business-to-government purchasing of work, goods or services via the internet, besides other information-based and networking applications such as Enterprise Resource Planning and Electronic Data Interchange (Turban, David, Lee, Liang, and Turban 2011, p.5). Procurement can be a critical part of a company’s overall strategy for cutting down costs. E-procurement methods incorporate methods such as electronic data interchange (EDI), online marketplaces/ e-marketplaces, and a combination of the two. E-procurement can be facilitated through the application of either a manual process or employing of automated software such as Enterprise Resource Planning Tools (ERP tools). E-procurement value chain comprises of aspects such as Contract Management, Vendor Management, e-Auctioning, Indent Management, e-Tendering, and Catalogue Management (Harrison and Hoek 2008, p.12). E-procurement ICT incorporate components such as e-procurement software, B2B auctions, B2B market exchanges and purchasing consortia that are directed at automating workflows, consolidating and leveraging organizational spending power and citing fresh sourcing opportunities online. The most cited procurement use of the Internet revolves around consummating the transaction and attainment of technical advice. Top performing organizations mainly conduct more than 20% of their e-procurement transactions online,  besides utilizing the internet for e-procurement applications such as communicating with vendors, verifying vendor price quotes, as well as purchasing from the vendor’s catalogues (Boone and Kurtz 2011, p.212). Technological advancement has led to the onset of commercial trans actions such as Electronic Funds Transfer, supply chain management, internet marketing, Electronic Data Interchange, online transaction processing, and inventory management systems (Neef 2001, p.36). Types of e-procurement There are several examples of e-procurement tools, each of which avails benefits to manufacturing enterprises in ensuring that raw materials and other essential manufacturing components are delivered  on time to meet production schedules in the most effective manner to maximize profit margins. Web-based ERP Web-based ERP is engaged in creating and endorsing purchasing requests, placing procured orders and receiving goods and services via application of a software system based on internet technology. ERP software packages from vendors such as Oracle, SAP AG, and the SAGE Group are designed to maximize the resource planning of an enterprise. In the manufacturing industry, web-based ERP is designed to generate purchasing schedules so as to achieve a perfect just-in -time (JIT) assembly cycle (Li 2007, p.300). One of the outstanding characteristics of ERP software is its capability to generate purchase orders via and production application of the bill of materials for the finished products as a basis. ERP systems also issue reschedule notices to suppliers (Neef 2001, p.38). Other types of e-procurement software include Vendor Management Systems, e-MRO (maintenance, repair and overhaul), SAAS transformation, e-Tendering, e-marketsites, e-Sourcing, and

Scope statement of the Provision Healthcare Technologies Essay

Scope statement of the Provision Healthcare Technologies - Essay Example In this project, the authors are going to upgrade a new system for the better functionality of system and enhancement to the governmental standards. New government regulations have just been issued regarding patient safety. PROVISION must modify the wand software to incorporate this new functionality within six months or face steep fines. PROVISION has decided to move up its next wand release to meet the government deadlines. It has also decided to incorporate some new functionality and make some software fixes as part of this release. The scope of the PROVISION project is to modify the required software to incorporate this new functionality within six months will be defined. In this section, the authors will outline the main objectives that they have to achieve throughout the project lifecycle. This project will involve the following stockholders: Sales & Marketing department Product Distribution department Product manufacturing department Product Development Department PROVISION Healthcare Technologies manufactures Ltd. Governmental health care department Project manager General public Through this project implementation, the authors will be able to have more ways of doing the work regarding public health. Hereafter the modification of the old system they would have a government-established standard of public health care. This will also provide them a competitive edge in this market.  

Financial analysis of Coca-Cola Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 10500 words

Financial analysis of Coca-Cola - Dissertation Example This paper describes Coca Cola Company and gives its financial statement analysis. Coca Cola, the largest manufacturer and distributor of non-alcoholic beverages, concentrates and syrups has had its humble start in 1886 with an initial investment of US $ 70. This one man business enterprise has risen to a vast empire with its capital base of US $ 50 billion. Truly a rag to riches story, Coca Cola has made itself a household name in more than 200 countries with a total of 400 variety products, and is now the ring leader in the soft drink scenario. The singularity of Coca Cola in the soft drink market is apparent through its enviable consuming rate of more than one billion drinks per day. It is wrong to assume that this soft drink company has had its journey equally on a soft path; its triumphant journey through various ups and downs in its history can be looked upon as a substantial material for case study in business strategy. The fast pace in economic and regulatory changes coupled with globalization of business activities have increased the complexity and importance of financial management. Financial management, as an integral part of overall management, are interrelated with economics, accounting, marketing, production, and quantitative methods. A basic knowledge of macro and microeconomics is necessary to understand and formulate institutional framework aimed at increased profit making. The scope and function of financial management is categorized into two broader types namely, Traditional Approach and Modern Approach.

Advanced Technology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Advanced Technology - Essay Example 1 Sawing is a process which could be analyzed either as manual or with the help of electronic sawing machine. In general, only those who have a basic knowledge in carpentry can do sawing. However, it is also an interesting work, which can be done at home. There are certain tools, which are found at home such as layout tools, boring tools, cutting tools, clamps, striking tools etc. With the help of these tools, it would be very easy to make small wooden furniture at home for home use. This would be the best manufacturing method as it does not require a labour on a payment basis, and these garden stools can be manufactured one or two days. However, large pieces of unshaped wood are difficult to cut into sheets in required measurements, therefore before we start manufacturing it would be better to give the wood blocks in a sawmill meant specially for woods and get it cut into to desired shape with desired measurement. Emma [2006] suggests an identical idea in making a garden bench; she says, â€Å"You do not have to blow hundreds of dollars for a small bench in your garden. Use your imagination to come up with the other paired items that can be used for your new garden bench.† The paired items that she mentions here is the plywood and steel parts, which are found in markets. However, the idea of making use of the wood taken from a tree found inside the garden would be much cheaper than the one mentioned by Emma. 1. Drawing the stool in a paper with measurements required.- A garden stool does not require more space and it should hold maximum of two people. Take a plain white paper and draw the design of the stool graphically with the desired measurements. This garden stool should be 2 feet length and 3 feet width, and it should be fixed 2 feet from the ground level. The required dimensions would be : Designs over the top portion are drawn based one’s own wishes. Choose the paint colour and try to mention all the parts required to make the stool including the